The Greening of I.T.

Introduction
Dirty Data Centers
greening data centers part1
Greening Data Centers part2
Greening PCs part1
Greening PCs part2
E-Waste
Landfill
Recycling
Dumping E-Waste
BAN, RoSH, WEEE & EPEAT
Glossary
References
Credits

References


Introduction


1. Murugesan, San. “Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices.” IT Pro, IEEE Computer Society, pages 24 – 33. Jan./Feb. 2008. Page 25.

2. ibid. Page 26.

3. ibid.

Energy Consumption,

Climate Change, and Data Centers


4. Stanford, Edward. “Environmental Trends and Opportunities for Computer System Power Delivery.” Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices & IC’s, IEEE Computer Society, 18-22 May, 2008. Page 2.

5. "Green Grid Overview, The." The Green Grid, 2008 <http://www.thegreengrid.org/about/overview> Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008 

6. ibid.

7. Green Grid, The. "The Green Grid Data Center Power Efficiency Metrics: PUE and DCiE." The Green Grid, 2007. Page 8. < http://www.thegreengrid.org/gg_content/TGG_Data_Center_
Power_Efficiency_Metrics_PUE_and_DCiE.pdf > Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008

Greening Data Centers part1

What Can Be Done to Make Data Centers Greener?


8. Weiss, Aaron. "Can the PC Go Green?" ACM, netWorker, vol. 11, Issue 2,  pages 18-25. Jun. 2007. Page 23.

9. "Commitment to Sustainable Computing." Google Corporate Web Page, Google, 2008.
< http://www.google.com/corporate/datacenters/step1.html > Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008.

10. ibid.

11. Stanford, Edward. “Environmental Trends and Opportunities for Computer System Power Delivery.” Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices & IC’s, IEEE Computer Society, 18-22 May, 2008. Page 2.

12. Murugesan, San. “Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices.” IT Pro, IEEE Computer Society, pages 24 – 33. Jan./Feb. 2008. Page 29.

Greening Data Centers part2


13. ibid.

14. ibid.

15. ibid

16. "Commitment to Sustainable Computing." Google Corporate Web Page, Google, 2008.
< http://www.google.com/corporate/datacenters/step2.html > Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008.

17. "Plug into a Greener Grid: RE<C and RechargeIT Initiatives." Google Corporate Web Page, Google, 2008.
< http://www.google.org/rec.html > Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008.

18. Weiss, Aaron. "Can the PC Go Green?" ACM, netWorker, vol. 11, Issue 2,  pages 18-25. Jun. 2007. Page 24.

Greening Computers part1

Personal Computers


19. ibid. Page 24.

20. Murugesan, San. “Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices.” IT Pro, IEEE Computer Society, pages 24 – 33. Jan./Feb. 2008. Page 28.

21. "Green Computing Guide." University of Colorado Environmental Center, 2005.
<http://ecenter.colorado.edu/energy/projects/green_computing.html> Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008

22. "Standby Power." Wikipedia Foundation Inc., 2008. Last modified on 4 Nov. 2008.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire_power> Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008.

Greening Computers part2


23.  Murugesan, San. “Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices.” IT Pro, IEEE Computer Society, pages 24 – 33. Jan./Feb. 2008. Pages 30-31.

24. ibid. Page 31.

25. Buckler, Grant. “PCs go on a power diet.” The Globe and Mail, 20 Oct. 2008: E6

E-Waste

What is E-Waste?


26.  MacEwan, Duncan. "Does Not Compute," CBC National News, first broadcast 20 May 2008.
<http://www.cbc.ca/national/blog/special_feature/green_sweep/does_not_compute_1.html>  Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008.

27. Albanesius, Chloe. “Some E-Waste Just Being Shipped Overseas” PC Magazine.com 17 Sept. 2008 <http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2330619,00.asp> Last Access 14 Nov. 2008

28. Weiss, Aaron. "Can the PC Go Green?" ACM, netWorker, vol. 11, Issue 2,  pages 18-25. Jun. 2007. Page 21.

29. Greenemeier, Larry. “Laws Fail to Keep up with Mounting E-Trash.” Scientific American, 29 Nov. 2007 <http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=laws-trash-epa-waste> Last accessed on 12 Nov. 2008.

30. Marshall, John. "Disposal of household special wastes," EnviroStats, Statistics Canada, Vol. 2, no. 1, Spring 2008. Page 6. <http://www.statcan.ca/cgi-bin/downpub/listpub.cgi?catno=16-002-XIE2008001> Last Access 14 Nov. 2008.

31. Greenemeier, Larry. “Trashed Tech: Where Do Old Cell Phones, TVs, and PCs Go to Die?” Scientific American, in Society & Policy, 29 Nov. 2007. <http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=trash-tech-pc-tv-waste> Last accessed on 12 Nov. 2008.

Recycling


32. "Environment Report," Ministry of the Environment, Province of British Columbia, Aug. 2007. Page 1.
< http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/pac/envrep/2007/envreport_aug2007.pdf > Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008.

33. MacEwan, Duncan. "Does Not Compute," CBC National News, first broadcast 20 May 2008.
<http://www.cbc.ca/national/blog/special_feature/green_sweep/does_not_compute_1.html>  Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008.

Dumping E-Waste on Other Countries


34. American Chemical Society. "Recycling Of E-waste In China May Expose Mothers, Infants To High Dioxin Levels." ScienceDaily 23 October 2007. 13 November 2008.
< http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071022094520.htm > Last accessed 4 Nov. 2008.

35. Secretariat of the Basel Convention and UNEP’s Information Unit for Conventions. “Minimizing Hazardous Wastes: A Simplified Guide to the Basel Convention” United Nations Environment Programme. Sept. 2005. Page 7. < http://www.basel.int/text/con-e-rev.pdf> Accessed through <http://www.basel.int/ > Last accessed 12 Nov. 2008.

36. Burgess, Lynn (producer) & Rosch, Liz (editor). "E-waste Dumping Ground," CBC National News, first broadcast 22 Oct. 2008. <http://www.cbc.ca/national/blog/video/environmentscience/ewaste_dumping_ground.html> (runs 18:53)

37. American Chemical Society. "Recycling Of E-waste In China May Expose Mothers, Infants To High Dioxin Levels." ScienceDaily 23 October 2007. 13 November 2008 <http://www.sciencedaily.comŽ /releases/2007/10/071022094520.htm> Last accessed 4 Nov. 2008.

Reasons for Hope
BAN, RoHS, WEEE, and EPEAT

38. Greenemeier, Larry. “Trashed Tech: Where Do Old Cell Phones, TVs, and PCs Go to Die?” Scientific American, in Society & Policy, 29 Nov. 2007. <http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=trash-tech-pc-tv-waste> Last accessed on 12 Nov. 2008.

39. Tullo, Carol. "The Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations 2008" The Stationery Office Limited, UK, 2008. <http://www.rohs.gov.uk/Docs/Links/RoHS%20Regulations%202008.pdf> Last accessed 12 Nov. 2008.

40. “Directive 2002/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)” Official Journal of the European Union, L 37 Volume 46, 13 Feb. 2003. Directive 2002/96/ Sections 2, 18, and 20 <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:037:0024:0038:EN:PDF>  Last accessed 12 Nov. 2008.

41. "The WEEE man. " The WEEE Man Project, RSA, 2006 < http://www.weeeman.org/ > Last accessed 16 Nov. 2008.

42. “The Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool.” Green Electronics Council, 4 May 2006. <http://www.greenelectronicscouncil.org/epeat/index.htm>  Last accessed 12 Nov. 2008.

43. “The criteria: EPEAT” Green Electronics Council, 2006. <http://www.epeat.net/Criteria.aspx> Last accessed 12 Nov. 2008.




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The Greening of Information Technology
LIBR 500: Foundations of Information Technology, School of Library, Archival and Information Science, University of British Columbia
Neil MacDonald
November 17th, 2008